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Hürth is located in the Rhein-Erft district in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. In the region, the economy and industry progressed rapidly. Because there was lignite in this area, where mining began at the end of the 19th century. Lignite was still mined in the 20th century. Therefore, individual locations were merged in the 1930s and a large community was created. Coal mining ceased in 1988, that is, the mining expired. Today, Hürth is still an industrial location where the chemical industry and mass media contribute a great deal to the economy.

Geography

In the south, the city is bordered by Cologne . Namely from the districts Klettenberg , Sülz and Lindenthal . The Ville in turn makes up the northeastern border. This is part of the Rhineland Nature Park. There are three landscape areas:

the Cologne Bay, which is fertile
the promontory with the Villehang

Wilhelmshöhe is the highest mountain in Hürth and measures 155 meters. It is a waste dump. This is located in the Berrenrahter Börde.

Temporary living in the boroughs

There are twelve districts, which are divided into districts. Nine districts can be found in Hürth:

Knapsack and Alt-Hürth
Berrenrath
Gleuel
Alstädten-Burbach
Stotzheim and Sielsdorf
Efferen
Fischenich
Kendenich
Hermülheim and Kalscheuren

Lignite has always been important here

Lignite was mined in the Rhenish lignite mining area . Hürth was significantly influenced by this. Over the course of time, almost a third of Hürth was processed by excavators. Today there are recreational areas in these areas. Forests that were afforested have also emerged. Ursfeld and Weiler Aldenrath have been lost almost entirely. The residents mainly settled in the track. Knapsack and Berrenrath were relocated. However, the reason for the relocation of Knapsacks was of an environmental nature. The valleys that lay in the ridges were also dismantled. There were layers of the F'löz that were seized. A plain shows the Kendenicher castle of Hürth. This dates from 1796 and there you can see the Hürther and the Kentenischer Dorffkaulen. These lay in swells from the Duffesbach, which flows through Hürth. First the Turff, which was on slopes, was excavated. Then holes were dug and coal was partially mined. These were mined underground and the coal was mined using reels.

This work was not entirely free of dangers . The coal was pressed in the shape of a flowerpot and dried in the air. The lords of the castle were also the lords of the mines. The miners were taken from the population. A Klüttengrube was founded in 1685. The Rheinische Revier had a mine in 1751 called Gotteshülfe. Hermann Dümgen, a farmer, created this in 1751. The industrialization of lignite mining began in the Brühl area in 1877. Messrs Ribbert built a stoneware tube factory in Kendenich in 1885. In 1887 it was rubbed with steam and briquettes were made. In 1944 there was an air raid and until then the factory was working properly. The factory also owned the Franziska I and Kendenich mines. There was also a cable car in the Berrenrather opencast mine. This led cross-country over the city of Hürth. There were also crashes with the gondolas.

Around the year 1895 some pits were added. They were called Theresia and Engelbert and in 1931 a sports facility was built in the southeast. The Theresia pit was closed from 1965 to 1983 and the Gotteshülfe pit from 1950 to 1976. The sound barrier pit was right next to Bachem. The pit was opened in 1907 and is now recultivated. Adolf Dasbach was a director of this mining company for many years. Today the area is a recreation area called Hürtherberg. From 1909 and 1913 coal excavators came into the pits. Fields were charred to the west of Luxemberger Strasse. Coal mining ended here in 1960 and in 1961 the chimneys were blown up. Hürthenberg and Ribbertwerke were later connected to the state railway network. In 1972 this railway was shut down. Most recently, pit fields in the south of Knapsacks were opened up. In 1900 these were combined into concessions as a synergy. In 1906 the Roddergrube union was merged. Later, in 1920, RWE took over this union.

Even more history

The area around Hürth already had a settlement before the Roman era. There were many finds from Roman times, but also from Franconian times. A Roman water pipe was uncovered in the city. This served to supply water to Cologne. An aqueduct was created at the Hermülheim Castle Park. The Romans built some Roman roads through Hürth. So were the Bonnstraße and the Luxemburger Straße Römerstraße. Roman finds were also made on the Villehang. This was at Kendenich as well as at Hürther or Gleueler Bachtal. During excavations, two sarcophagi were found that come from Roman tombs. These finds can be viewed today. The Burgus villa house was a military street post . This was on the outskirts of Brühl and not far from the "villa house", a forester's house. A refugee castle from the Franconian era was also excavated. Popularly called the Teufelsburg castle and in the 1970s the land was bought up by the Hoechst. This resulted in demolition and the remaining traces were torn off. Grave fields were excavated in Hermülheim and Efferen.

In the late Middle Ages and at the beginning of modern times, the area was divided between the Duchy of Jülich and the Archdiocese of Cologne. Hürth was awarded Valkenburg, which was in Brabant. In 1794 the French were occupied. In 1798 it was divided into four areas, departments. The Huerth area was awarded to the Arrondissement de Cologne. The seat of this was the city of Aachen. Mayors were formed in 1800. Kriel was part of Efferen until 1888. The municipality had some of today's urban areas of Cologne under its wing. From 1888 to 1920 there was a common administration of these mayorships. Heinrich Rosell was the former mayor and that since 1878. Later, the mayors merged. Werner Disse took an initiative in 1930. As a result, the mayors Hürth and Berrenrath, Gleuel, Fischenich, Kendenich and Hermülheim became a large community.

Since there were lignite deposits at the time, this community became the richest in all of Germany. At that time Konrad Adenauer was mayor of Cologne and there was an attempt to start an incorporation with Efferen. In 1933, Efferen was assigned to Hürth. This made Hürth a large rural community, the largest in Germany. The Nazis came to power in 1933. At the beginning of 1933, they won 22.7% of the vote. This made it one of the strongest parties, after the leading one. Fritz Räcke was the municipal director and was taken into custody after the election. Disse was also arrested in early 1933. Before the election took place, communists were arrested. Stumbling blocks or street names of victims are a reminder of the past. Hürth's industry employed forced laborers. Hürth got its fat off, so to speak, during the war period of the Second World War, since the city was close to Cologne. Towards the end of 1944 there were attacks on the Knapsack area and the Efferen area. At that time there were numerous fatalities and around 200 residents of Hürth died.

Hürth and its surroundings were affected, occupied from March 6 to 8, 1945. The occupying powers no longer hired the department heads after the war. Because almost all were members of the NSDAP. However, since these employees were urgently needed, denazification occurred. This was imperative for the reconstruction. Production had to start again and priests as mayor were used first. Communists were also reinstated and Fritz Räcke became mayor. A landmark was the water tower until the dissolution. Twelve chimneys were called "12 apostles" and they belonged to the Goldenberg power plant. Four chimneys were visibly emblazoned with RWE illuminated letters. The plant was restructured and everything was cut down to a stump. There is a water tower on this and today there is a double vent. Another landmark is the Kendenicher Wasserburg, until today. In 1978 Hürth was raised to the city. The home club of Hürth is responsible for culture and history.

Culture

Hürth has two venues where cultural events are organized. On the one hand, this is the community center to which the town hall is connected. The Löhrerhof is also an event location. This courtyard and the Bürgerhausgalerie often show vernissages by local artists. The "Huerth Literary Night" is held every other year. There are readings by local authors as well as authors from the surrounding area. Carsten Sebastian Henn was the initiator of this event. In 2005 he was Hürth's cultural award winner. Every autumn there is the Jazz Night, which is organized by the Jazz Club Hürth. The jazz cellar in Gleuel also regularly organizes concerts. The "Kölsche Nacht" is organized in summer and attracts groups of songs from Cologne. Hürth's summer of music should also become a city tradition. The theater festival in the district has existed since 2004. In 2011 a theater night was organized in Hürth.

A theater night was held at the Berli cinema, as well as at the Gleuel castle. In the after-work house of the Infraserv, which is located in Knapsack, there is an event location of national importance. There are also congresses, but also trade fairs. Several ensembles or musicians have already come out of the "Josef-Metternich" music school and have won awards. The Berli cinema is located in Berrenrath and dates from the 1950s. Here you can watch films every weekend. Every Wednesday there are cinematic delicacies from different decades.

The carnival is also raging here

During the carnival season there is a lot of turmoil in the city. The Cologne Carnival naturally also has an impact here. So-called madness can be found in the following districts:

Stotzheim
Alt-Huerth
Gleuel
Hermülheim
Efferen
Fischenich
Kendenich
Kalscheuren
Berrenrath

The triumvirate

There is then a triumvirate, princess, prince or a pair of princes. Berrenrath chooses its own princess every year. Every year a prince's reception takes place in Hürth , with a carnival party taking place in the community center. Many events have therefore taken place since November 11th. The event in the Efferen Castle Park attracts visitors from more distant areas. There are carnival highlights in February and March. The "Jecken Weibern" come to the town hall on Weiberfastnacht. There are parades on Thursdays, Mardi Gras or Mardi Gras. Shrove Monday offers removals in Kendenich and Gleuel. Violet Tuesday is reserved for old town Burbach, Kalscheuren and Stotzheim. Kindergartens and schools are also involved.

Other customs

On Martinstag , which is in November, schoolchildren and kindergarten children roam the streets. Torches and lanterns made by children are carried. A rider accompanies the children and they are wearing a coat and helmet. At the end, Martins fires are held and loaves of bread are distributed. The children sing as they walk the streets. Residents give the children fruit or sweets. The Halloween party, which comes from the States, has also intensified here recently. This is celebrated in addition to martial custom. Some families are opponents of the Halloween party, but you have to know that this custom ultimately comes from Europe. Evil spirits were chased away the day before, so to speak. An ancient custom that was once practiced in paganism in Europe. At that time, pumpkins were used, in which lights were placed. In principle, with the old custom one wants to know the deceased relatives well in the light and to keep all evil away.

December 4th is the Feast of Saint Barbara . Some Catholics still know about this custom. She is the patron of all miners and she was highly revered in the coalfield of the Rhineland. There is also a small custom to this, by placing cherry tree branches in a lukewarm vase on December 4th. If these bloom until Christmas Eve, it may be that marriage will follow next year, as far as the belief in this custom is. St. Nicholas Day is celebrated on December 6th with all Christian children. Traditionally, some still use a clean shoe. Many kindergarten children also make them themselves in kindergarten. The shoe is placed in front of the room door or by a fireplace the evening before. The next day the children will find sweets, fruit, nuts or small toys in it. It is also common here for some adults to have a briquette in it. Then they were probably not well behaved, so the custom.

The culture award

Since 1979 the city of Hürth has awarded the city's cultural prize every second year. Some award winners are for example:

Hubert Bruhs, a sculptor, received the award in 1981
The writer Tilmann Röhrig received the 1985 prize.

Catholic believers

Catholic communities exist in every district. Not in Knapsack or in Sielsdorf. The St. Joseph community had to relocate and its patronage has been taken over. The parish church in Hermülheim is now responsible. There are parish associations, which are looked after by teams of pastors. Some churches are listed, such as the St. Ursula church. This is in Kalscheuren and Dominikus Böhm was the builder. For the localities:

Kalscheuren
Alstädten
Burbach
Hermülheim
Knapsack
Berrenrath
Stotzheim

there were no parishes because they were assigned to places in the neighborhood. And this until the beginning of the 20th century.

Evangelical

There are three districts here:

with Hürth-Mitte, Alt-Hürth, Hermülheim and Knapsack (for the faithful the Martin Luther King Church is available)
Berrenrath, Gleuel, Sielsdorf, Alstädten-Burbach and Stotzheim with the Martin Luther Church
the Church of Peace owns some parts of the district of Hermülheim, Kendenich, Efferen, Kalscheuren and Fischenich

History of the Evangelical Faith

Evangelical believers were rather rare in the city until the end of the 19th century. This changed with industrialization and numerous Germans moved to Hürth. As a result, the number of evangelical believers increased. In 1921 the "Evangelical Parish Knapsack" was founded. These included Kendenich, Hürth and Berrenrath. In 1948 this Protestant community became autonomous. Around 1955 the community consisted of more than 3200 members. At New Year 1957 there was a union in the "Evangelical Church Hürth". Around 9,000 Evangelical believers were united there. There was only a pastor, a deacon and a helper for sermons for the congregation. In 1966 the community was divided again. The track was split off and from the new year 2015 these two communities were reunited.

Knapsack got a small wooden church and this was also a first place of worship. The thank-you church was built in 1951, but was torn down in 1975 together with the parish church from 1926. Kendenich received the crucifix, as well as some communion utensils, a baptismal font and the bell. The wooden pulpit had beautiful reliefs and was then taken over by Hürth-Mitte. Over time, the Martin Luther Church and the Church of Peace in the Efferen district were built. A church center was built in the Hermülheim district, which also has a parish hall. There is also a kindergarten and a parsonage. The Nathan-Söderblom-Gottshaus was built in the Kendenich district. The Martin Luther King Church was also built later.

There is a church center in Kölnstraße, which does not include as many believers. In 2008 the church in Kendenich was abandoned and the font was brought to Hürth-Mitte. A community center, which was located in Kölnstraße, was also closed in 2011. The building was demolished in 2012. The GWG housing company Rhein-Erft had a residential building built here. An administrative building was also added, whereby a beautiful glass window by the artist E. O. Köpke was installed. This previously shone in the church of thanks from the Knapsack district. The glass window was installed in the stairwell of this administration building.

Other communities

The following communities are also worth mentioning:

The New Apostolic Church is located in the Hermülheim district. This parish was founded in 1921. The first masses were held in the Herkenrath house because the siblings made their kitchen rooms available. The house was in Berrenrath and in 1962 the construction of a church began. In 1964 the church was inaugurated in the Hermülheim district. In 2000 Hermülheim and Gleuel were merged and the Huerth community was created. There are nine pastors here who work part-time. The congregation has approximately 229 members.
There was also a synagogue in Alt-Hürth, which existed until 1939. In 1940 the Jewish cemetery was abandoned in the city.

Archive and the city library

Friedrich-Ebert-Straße housed the city library. This was launched in 1948 and 1949. More than 40,000 media carriers are also available here. The focus is on media for further training, career choice and training. There is also plenty of children's and youth literature. Children's events were held in the library again and again, thus encouraging reading. A historian is also responsible for the city archive, based in the community center.

There are also libraries in parishes that are intended for the public. There are still four such books in existence today, such as in Gleuel, Kendenich, Efferen and in Alstädten / Burbach. The libraries are open every Sunday morning, as well as one hour during the week. The Albert Schweitzer High School also has its own library, which has 3000 media. There are 1500 interesting non-fiction books here that should be read. A sponsoring association takes care of it and guides the youth to read. In the center of Hermülheim there is a "Public Bookcase" , which is freely accessible.

Education

In Hürth the economy flourished and therefore a secondary school was founded on April 1, 1940, which was run as a secondary school. This was in Hermülheim and also students from the area attended this good school. There was an interruption in 1945 and 1946. In 1947 fourteen high school students were able to leave school. The school has been known as the Friedrich-Ebert-Realschule since 1960. High school students had to go to schools in Cologne or Brühl. From 1960, a high school building began to become a reality. The grammar school has been called Ernst-Mach-Gymnasium Hürth since 2005, previously known as Hürth Bonnstraße. In 1974 a further education program was used for the school center in Sudetenstrasse. A new high school was built and in 1989 a German / Spanish project was launched.

The secondary schools in Hürth have a high number of students . So there are about 1000 pupils in high schools! And the junior high school is attended by more than 750 students, which is a huge number. From the school year 2014/2015 there was a comprehensive school and a new school building was started. Kendenich has a communal main school that also functions as an all-day school. Hürth also has special schools, two in number. The district maintains a special school called the Milos-Sovak-Schule in the district of Stotzheim. The focus here is on the language and there is a pre-school class. Furthermore, the Dr. Kürthen School is located in Hürth, named after Arnold Kürten. Primary schools can be found in the districts of Gleuel, Kendenich, Fischenich, Hermülheim, Alstädten-Burbach and Berrenrath. The districts of Alt-Hürth and Efferen each have two primary schools. The Bodelschinghschule is an Evangelical denominational school and is located in the Alt-Hürth district. There are also some Catholic schools in Hürth. The primary schools were turned into all-day schools in 2006/2007.

The Diakonie Michaelshoven maintains a boarding school , which is available for the physically handicapped. This is in the Dietrich-Bonhoeffer House and 37 physically restricted students learn and live here. The Goldenberg vocational college is located in Alt-Hürth, where technology and design are taught. The upper level is a high school and the pupils can gain a university entrance qualification here. The Alexandra-Klausa Vocational College has a private sponsor and here nursing care is taught. There is a cooperation with the Käthe Kraemer special needs kindergarten. There is a college for chemists and industrial clerks in the Rhein-Erft Academy. Electrical engineering has also been offered here since 2012. Graduates can graduate from the university of applied sciences in the academy. The academy attaches great importance to in-company training. Process engineering with a bachelor's degree can also be taken. The branch is part-time and the Aachen University of Applied Sciences has been cooperating here since 2007.

The beautiful recreation areas

The exterior Cologne's green belt forms a border with Hürth . Hikers get their money's worth here because there is a beautiful circular route. To the south, the Villesen offer a border with Hürth. These are located in the beautiful Rhineland Nature Park. There is a hiking trail here called Villeseenwanderweg. Depending on the condition, this leads from the Kendenich district either five, ten or thirteen kilometers into the country.

Lake Liblar offers recreation for sailors who can let the wind blow around their noses. The Bleibtreusee offers a swimming beach, which is under nature protection. There is a water ski lift as the highlight.

The Otto-Maigler-See is part of the nature park and the Hürther Waldsee is not far from the city. There is a nature reserve and a circular hiking trail with a length of seven or optionally thirteen kilometers. There is a beautiful lido, which is located at Otto-Maigler-See. Pop concerts are also held here and those seeking relaxation can indulge in rowing or windsurfing. Fishing also attracts many anglers to the lake in the summer months. At the Adolf-Dasbach-Weiher a circular route has been created that offers a viewpoint.

The Römerkanal hiking trail is a long-distance hiking trail and also runs through Hürth. Path 2, which lies in the Rhineland and carries along one of the Jakobswege, is called Via Coloniensis. It goes from the city of Cologne to Efferen, Kendenich, Hermülheim, Brühl and Fischenich and ends in Trier. The Southwest Adventure Route from Regio Grün is also interesting for day trippers. This leads along the Cologne green belt and the Otto-Maigler-See.

Other sights

An aqueduct from the Roman period, the so-called Eifel water pipe, passed through the city. Before the construction of this water pipe, streams and springs were used. It is noteworthy that there are still remains of this Roman aqueduct below the city. Outside the city limits you can see the former desludging plant that was uncovered. The castles are particularly nice for a trip:

Kendenich Castle
Efferen Castle
Gleuel Castle
Schallmauer Castle

Remains of the castle can be admired in the districts of Fischenich, Hermülheim and Alt-Hürth.

There is a stadium that has a grandstand. The stadium was built in the 1930s and a cycle track is nearby. The vocational school and the former swimming pool also date from the 1930s. The latter buildings are listed buildings. Other worth seeing:

Albert Lüttgenau was the architect of some of Hürth's buildings. The vocational school in the Alt-Hürth district is one of his works, for example.
The Löhrerhof is located in the Alt-Hürth district.
Gleuel offers the Correns mill as a sight and this is certainly worth seeing for windmill lovers.
There is a Roman grave in the Efferen district.
The St. Ursula Church is a former church.
The Winkel tower is an air-raid shelter that is shaped like a sugar loaf. Leo Winkel from Duisburg was the designer of the building.
All parts of Hürth have war memorials.
Heiligenhäuschen are interesting for church art historians.

The following are available as natural monuments:

The old cemetery is located in Knapsack, where you can also visit a memorial to the dead.
The Adolf-Dasbach lake is very beautiful and is used for recreation with the local recreation area Hürtherberg.
The Otto-Maigler-See is another source of relaxation and has a swimming pool. You can also surf or row here.
There is a beautiful lake for recreation with the forest lake. In addition, the Nordfeld pond invites you to take relaxing walks.
There is a relaxing green belt in Cologne, which lies between Efferen and Cologne.

The waters

There are the following rivers in Hürth:

The Duffesbach: the source of which is in Knapsack and in the Alt-Hürth district and in Hermülheim the stream is channeled. The stream is accompanied by the Roman Canal hiking trail. It flows through the Efferen district and over the Cologne green belt. It continues to the city of Cologne, where it finally splashes into the Rhine river. The Duffesbach is partly fed by the wastewater from the sewage treatment plant from the Knapsacker works. The stream has an above-ground course in parts in Knapsack and Alt-Hürth as well as at Hermülheim Castle Park and the Efferen district. The stream used to seep into the gravel pit. An earlier dispute arose over the rights to use the water, which contested neighboring communities. The war attained some fame in 1560. Lords of the castle in Hürth and Cologne argued, with an entire delegation being put behind bars. As a result, the city of Cologne provided a squad comprising around 1,000 men. The lord of the castle in Hürth then announced the surrender.

The Burbach (also called Bornbach): its source can be found near the Burbach monastery. In earlier times the brook originated in today's Berrenrath. Its course of the river goes through the district of Burbach, to Stotzheim and into the Duffesbach. In Stotzheim the stream is called Stotzheimer Bach. The Burbach makes a boundary between the districts of Burbach and old towns. It has an open, natural course to the district of Stotzheim.

Gleueler Bach: the source of which originates in the Berrenrath district and in the past the stream sprang from the "Seven Jumps". The stream ripples through the district of Gleuel to Sielsdorf. It continues to flow to the canal in the south. Its course is rather above ground and the stream was renatured. In earlier times the course of the Gleueler Bach was up to Kriel. From there it went on calmly until it landed in the pond. The stream then seeped away at one point.

Weiler Bach: its course arose at the Weiler Hof and led to Fischenich. Then it continued to flow to Meschenich .

Kendenicher Bach: this stream is rather small and sometimes it does not carry any water

Corridor fin: This small stream is sometimes affected by a lack of water and then does not carry any water.

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